Steps
Remove dead or diseased wood. Any dead or diseased branches should be cut out at the first opportunity. Cut back to healthy wood or the base of the plant. Make sure to disinfect your tools between each cut to prevent the further spread of disease. Thin out the plant. Crossed, rubbing, and overcrowded branches are removed to provide air circulation. Trim for an open structure that lets light penetrate through the plant. Shape the Plant. Neaten edges to maintain the desired shape and size. With hedge trimmers, cut hedges to a neat, even surface. On topiary, follow the shape you are creating. Cut back long or leggy branches to a healthy bud or lateral branch. This will encourage new shoots to grow and keep a dense, bushy appearance. Dispose of all pruned material from around the plant. It prevents diseases and pests from establishing themselves in the plant.